Tűzkereszt means “Fire Cross”, a Hungarian military decoration awarded for front-line combat service between 1941 and 1943.

Hungarian Military History Archive

An online archive preserving Hungarian and Austro-Hungarian military history through original photographs, awards, documents, and research material.

ESTABLISHED 2010

Pre-War Hungary 1938–1941

 Pre-War Hungary 1938–1941

Hungary on the Eve of War

This section documents Hungarian military history during the years immediately preceding Hungary's full involvement in the Second World War.

The archive includes photographs, documents, officer portraits, military ceremonies, mobilization material and research relating to the territorial revisions and military expansion of the Royal Hungarian Honvéd between 1938 and 1941.

Particular attention is given to the First Vienna Award, the occupation of Carpatho-Ukraine, the return of Northern Transylvania, the expansion of the armed forces and the transformation of Hungary's military before the Eastern Front campaigns.

Featured Sections

Research Themes

  • Territorial revision and military occupation
  • Expansion of the Royal Hungarian Army
  • Border operations and reoccupation campaigns
  • Officer promotions and wartime preparation
  • Military parades, ceremonies and public propaganda
  • Transition from interwar army to wartime army

Browse the Archive

Explore all articles, photographs, documents and research material relating to Hungary's territorial revisions, military expansion and preparations for war between 1938 and 1941.

View all Pre-War Hungary articles →